https://jifro.areeo.ac.ir/ Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences en daily 1 Wed, 21 Nov 2018 00:00:00 +0330 Wed, 21 Nov 2018 00:00:00 +0330 https://jifro.areeo.ac.ir/article_117778.html An initiatory experimental study was conducted to evaluate the effects of binaural beats on fish growth performance. A 90-day trial with four triplicate groups was conducted with 240 zebrafish Danio rerio (Hamilton 1822) under aquarium conditions. Binaural beat file complexes were played for each aquarium using computer controlled directional speakers for 0 min d-1(Control), 90 min d-1, 180 min d-1 and 270 min d-1. Fish with an average initial weight of 0.26±0.001g were fed twice a day with standard commercial feeds meant for ornamental fish. Body weight gain improved significantly and the highest final body weight was observed in Group I (90 min d-1) with 0.49±0.033g, followed by the other two treatment groups, and finally the Control. Specific growth rate data similarly resulted in significant differences (p<0.05). The highest ADG (0.26±0.038) and SGR (0.31±0.034) values were found for Group I, while other treatments were found statistically equal and all represented significantly higher values than the Control. Improved FE was also observed in Group I. These results support the enhancing effects of binaural beats on growth performance and feed utilization in D. rerio. The system and the procedure followed in this study hold the promise of being regarded as eco-friendly and non-invasive growth promoters for fish. https://jifro.areeo.ac.ir/article_120483.html The present study focused on the effect of methionine nano-encapsulation on growth performance in rainbow trout fingerlings as a commercial fish species. A total number of 3600larvae (1±0.01 g in weight) were allowed to acclimatize to experimental conations and were then fed with experimental diets. Methionine release was tested both in vitro and in vivo after the amino acid durability and chitosan nanoparticle preparation. Under in vivo conditions, the fish were divided into four groups in separate nursery ponds with each group (with 3 replicates)containing 100 fish. Fish in the first, second, third and fourth groups were fed a commercial trout diet (Rosha, S1 and S2),a diet supplemented with chitosan nanoparticles, a diet supplemented with methionine, and a diet supplemented with chitosan-encapsulated-methionine, respectively. The fish were fed 5 times a day based on 5 % of biomass for 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment, gut, stomach and blood serum samples were taken from all the treatments. The samples were then centrifuged and the resultant supernatants were subjected to amino acid analysis. The fish survival and growth performance were calculated at the end of experiment. The results revealed that the fish survival in the control and chitosan treatments were significantly lower than the other treatments (P<0.05). Dietary methionine supplementation significantly affected the fish specific growth rate (P<0.05). Methionine release rate in gut was higher than that of stomach. Methionine encapsulation with chitosan significantly increased the amino acid durability (P<0.05). https://jifro.areeo.ac.ir/article_120999.html This study evaluated the influence of dietary garlic (Allium sativum) extract onsurvival rate and changes in blood and immune parameters of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio), fed with two different concentrations of aqueous garlic extract after exposure to spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV). The experiments have executed in two steps: Firstly, 270 fingerlings of Common carp with an average weight of 15±3.4 g have cultivated in 18 aquaria with 15 liters of water. Fish were fed with 1 and 5 g garlic extract kg-1 basal diet for 8 weeks. In the second step, 240 fingerlings have been randomly divided into 8 groups (A: negative control; B: virus control; C and D: extract controls and E-H: treatment groups) with 3 replicates in each group include of 10 fish in each replicate, and the fish have been exposed to SVCV for 4 weeks. The mortality rate, blood and immune parameters and virus isolation have been determined at the end of experiments. The results have showed that the survival rate of the Common carp fed with 1 and 5 g garlic extract kg-1 basal diet (E-H groups) had a significant increase compared to the control groups (p<0.05) and RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCH, MCHC had Significant increase compared to the virus control group (B) (p<0.05). WBC in groups D, E, F and G in comparison to control group A and B and lymphocyte in groups D, E and F compared to control group B had a Significant increase (p<0.05). Also, the Common carp fed with two concentrations of garlic extract increased lysozyme and IgM in groups C-H compared to group A (p<0.05). Finally, cell culture and RT-PCR have been applied for detection of SVC virus from fish samples. The results have been indicated that addition of garlic extract (Especially 5 g kg-1) in fish dietary has led to a higher immunity and survival rate of common carp exposed to SVCV. https://jifro.areeo.ac.ir/article_135055.html In the fish feed industry, fishmeal (FM) is highly valuable for its excellent combination of essential amino acids and fatty acids. However, due to its high cost and low availability, researchers are focusing on alternative sustainable plant-based protein sources. However, phytate, a major phosphorus-rich compound in plants, has a chelating effect that significantly reduces the absorption and bioavailability of essential nutrients, leading to nutritional imbalances. Adding phytase enzyme (PHY) in aqua feed improves the digestibility of minerals and reduces their excretion. Therefore, this study assessed the impact of PHY supplementation on hematological indices and mineral digestibility in Catla catla when fed different plant protein-based diets for FM replacement such as Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM), sunflower meal (SFM), canola meal (CM), guar meal (GM). Nine test diets were formulated: a control diet without PHY, and eight experimental diets with PHY added at 250 or 500 FTU/kg. The results revealed that the addition of 500 FTU/kg of PHY to a 50% MOLM significantly enhances the digestibility of minerals like P, Mg, Al, Na, K, Cu, and Zn, when compared to control and other test levels. In terms of blood indices, this supplementation increased the values of RBCs (3.18×106mm-3), Hb (8.68 g/100 ml), PCV (30.07 %) and WBCs (8.20×103mm-3) count as well as serum liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (0.93 U/L) and aspartate aminotransferase (3.11 U/L). The results indicated that the most effective combination was a diet (T3) containing 50% MOLM and 500 FTU kg-1 PHY, which yielded optimal hematological and mineral profiles. Conclusively, this study shows that PHY-supplemented plant-based fish diets reduce the need for mineral supplements, lowering feed costs and environmental impact. https://jifro.areeo.ac.ir/article_135188.html Zooplankton are among the most important microscopic animals in aquatic ecosystems, playing a crucial role in maintaining water quality and serving as a vital link in the food chain. Water quality parameters play a crucial role in regulating the abundance and diversity of zooplankton. This study was conducted over a period of three months at three different locations within the Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary (RBS), Karnataka, India, to assess the diversity and abundance of zooplankton. Key physicochemical parameters including water and atmospheric temperature, electrical conductivity, pH, turbidity, total dissolved solids, carbon dioxide, biological oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, phosphate, and nitrite were analyzed. The zooplankton community was represented by four major taxa: Copepoda, Cladocera, Rotifera, and Ostracoda, comprising a total of 34 species. The analysis revealed a total of 34 zooplankton species across all sampling sites. Among these, Cladocera emerged as the dominant and most species-rich taxon, represented by 14 species, followed by Copepoda (10 species), Rotifera (8 species), and Ostracoda (2 species). The present study contributes to understanding zooplankton diversity and abundance in relation to physicochemical parameters of surface water across the islands of Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary (RBS), highlighting the influence of environmental factors on community structure. https://jifro.areeo.ac.ir/article_135425.html The feeding habits of the flying gurnard, Dactylopterus volitans, caught by industrial trawlers operating on the continental shelf of Côte d'Ivoire were examined. A total of 1337 specimens, including 351 males and 986 females were collected at the fishing harbour of Abidjan from January 2019 to December 2020. The diet of fish with a size ranging from 60 to 390 mm standard length was described using the prey-specific index of relative importance (%PSIRI), combining occurrence, numerical and weight percentages. The stomach contents revealed that 901 (67.38%) stomachs were empty, whilst 436 (32.62%) were full. The diet was composed of twenty-six prey items including shrimps, teleost fishes, crabs, bivalves, gastropods and cephalopods. Based on the PSIRI (%), the most important prey items were shrimps (41.11 %PSIRI), especially Penaeus notialis (20.10 %PSIRI) and teleost fishes (31.87 %PSIRI). Crabs (19.38 %PSIRI) are considered as secondary preys, whereas the other preys such as cephalopods (4.95 %PSIRI), gastropods (1.38 %PSIRI) and bivalves (1.31 %PSIRI) were incidental preys. The presence of a variety of mobile preys in the stomachs indicates that this species is a carnivorous feeder. https://jifro.areeo.ac.ir/article_135426.html A 60-day feeding trial under composite conditions was conducted to compare the effect of three different treatments of a diet containing 55.50% Fishmeal (FM), a diet with 45.50% FM and 10% Spirulina algae (SP), and a diet with 35.50% FM and 20% Leucaena leucocephala powder (LLP) on the growth, feed efficiency, and flesh color of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). The analysis results of Duncan’s Multiple Range post-hoc test indicated that survival rate (SR), daily weight gain (DWG), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), and protein retention (PR) were significantly improved in the diets containing 10% SP and 20% LLP groups compared to the FM only diet (p<0.05). Noticeably, although the FCR in the treatment of 20% LLP was significantly lower than the treatment of 10% SP and FM, the parameters of PER and PR showed significantly higher performance in 20% LPP treatment in comparison with 10% SP and FM only. Coloration assessments by a sensory method showed that, in their raw form, shrimp fed 10% SP exhibited a more greenish hue, followed by those fed 20% LLP, and then the FM. However, in cooked shrimps, the 20% LLP group displayed the most desirable coloration. A 21-day trial with smaller whiteleg shrimp (0.45 g) confirmed that 20% LLP supplementation positively influenced body color compared to 10% SP and FM-only diets. This study shows that partial replacement of FM with plant ingredients improves shrimp color, increases production sustainability, and enhances primary productivity efficiency. https://jifro.areeo.ac.ir/article_133122.html The sea cucumber, Holothuria scabra (sandfish), is an important aquaculture species due to its high economic value. This has led to over-exploitation causing population decline; consequently, aquaculture of sea cucumber is required to increase production. This study aims to obtain data and information on the growth performance of sandfish reared in a sea pen culture system and develop its cultivation in coastal areas of Sumberkima Village, Gerokgak District of Buleleng, Bali-Indonesia. Three 10 x 5 m2 sea pens (KJT), namely KJT-A, KJT-B, and KJT-C, with a 3-m height net, were installed at the site using bamboo and plugged into the seabed to support the net. These three KJTs have different seafloor characteristics from the experimental group. The sediment composition in the KJT-B consisted of loamy sand with high organic matter compared to KJT-A and KJT-C, which were sandy. The sandfish juveniles were stocked into each KJT at a density of 300 individual/pen with an average initial weight of 17.7±6.6 g and an average total length of 6.6±1.2 cm for 180 days. The results showed the daily growth rate of sandfish in KJT-B was the highest (1.44 %/day) when compared with KJT-A (0.92 %/day), and KJT-C (0.96 %/day). These results indicated that the growth of sandfish (H. scabra) depends on the structure and composition of the seafloor sediment. The seafloor sediment structures of loamy sand with high organic matter and C-organic content promote the best growth of sandfish. https://jifro.areeo.ac.ir/article_135459.html Certain species of sea cucumbers in Indonesia are valuable marine commodities, commonly traded globally in dried form (trepang). The diversity of trepang species with similar colors and patterns has led to confusion about the names of the species in the coastal areas. As part of ongoing efforts to mitigate false and conserve stock biodiversity, accurate identification of trepang is essential. This study aims to document trepang traded from East Kalimantan, based on their external morphology as well as ossicle shapes and composition. The observation of 24 specimens revealed fifteen species from the family Holothuriidae and five species from the family Stichopodidae. This study recorded dried Bohadschia marmorata, B. subrubra, and Stichopus quadrifasciatus for the first time in East Kalimantan. Understanding these newly recorded commercial species in this region will help the local management authority compile species-specific trading data. Ossicles observation provides an effective method for identifying trepang, particularly in coastal areas where access to advanced laboratory facilities is limited. Therefore, we recommend ossicle examination as an important addition to the species identification of dried sea cucumbers, which are difficult to identify morphologically. This will support regulatory controls and clearance processes, as part of efforts to conserve biodiversity stocks for the sustainable use of sea cucumber species-specific. https://jifro.areeo.ac.ir/article_135464.html Radix auricularia is a non-native and invasive freshwater snail species and it may have destructive impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem structure. In recent years, snail mucus, as a sticky substance, has garnered significant attention in the medical and cosmetic industries due to its content of numerous bioactive compounds. Despite frequently being discarded as waste due to the build-up of calcium carbonate crystals through biomineralization, shells of freshwater snail serve multiple functions in aquatic environments and have potential industrial applications. Hence, this study aims to identify bioactive compounds in the mucus and analyze the shell microstructure and mineralogy of the European ear snail (Radix auricularia). Bioactive constituents of mucus were characterized by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-FID-MS) analysis. We also conducted analyses on the organic matrix of shells from R. auricularia using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Our results indicated that ten compounds are characterized by Eicosane (34.16%), 9-Octadecen-1-ol, (Z)- (11.86%) and N,N-Dimetylpalmitamide (5.55%) as the main components of mucus. The antioxidant potential, antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties of Eicosane was in notable quantity in the mucus. In addition, the elemental composition of shell powder comprised of carbon, aluminium, oxygen, calcium, iron, magnesium, silicium, manganese, sodium, sulphur and phosphorus. Aragonite emerged as the dominant mineralogy in the inorganic layer of their shells, as confirmed by XRD. Overall, individual compounds of mucus could be isolated and purified mucus compounds could have applications in pharmaceuticals and health sectors. The shells of R. auricularia offer potential for diverse applications and contribute to environmental sustainability as valuable biomaterials. https://jifro.areeo.ac.ir/article_135478.html This study aimed to create a novel biodegradable film by incorporating biosynthesized titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles into a zein/fucoidan matrix for food packaging applications. TiO₂ nanoparticles were synthesized using Sargassum tenerrimum extract and confirmed using UV-Vis spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The antioxidant activity was assessed by DPPH assay, showing an IC₅₀ value of 0.347 mg/mL. The prepared films were evaluated for thickness, solubility, oxygen permeability, water vapor permeability, and mechanical properties. Zein films exhibited the highest values for solubility, elongation at break, oxygen permeability, and tensile strength, whereas the lowest values were recorded for the Zein + 5% Fucoidan + 2.5% TiO₂ nanocomposite (p≤0.05). FTIR, DSC, and XRD results confirmed interplays between TiO₂ nanoparticles and the carbonyl and carboxyl functional groups within the nanocomposite matrix. The study acknowledges that further investigations are needed to assess long-term storage stability and performance in real food systems. This study introduces a novel bioactive nanocomposite film with enhanced barrier and mechanical properties, distinguishing it from conventional biodegradable films. The Zein + 5% Fucoidan + 2.5% TiO₂ nanocomposite was identified to have the optimal formulation, demonstrating superior performance and having potential for application in food preservation. https://jifro.areeo.ac.ir/article_135503.html Cyanobacteria are one of the most common and widespread microorganisms that produce cyanophycin granule polypeptide (CGP). This biopolymer could be used to produce CGP-derived dipeptides and as a potential precursor for the synthesis of polyaspartic acid. To extend the applications of this polymer, it is therefore of interest to study its isolation and purification. The present study was undertaken to follow up CGP production by some cyanobacteria isolated from the River Nile, Damietta Branch, Egypt, and to morphologically identify its algal diversity. The results of this study reported that Cyanophytes dominated at AL Zarqa, Faraskur, and Al Adliya meanwhile Chlorophytes and Bacillariophytes dominated at El Serw and Kafr Al Arab. Anabaena anomala, A. cylindrica, A. oryzae, A. variabilis, Nostoc sp., Nostoc punctiforme, Oscillatoria obscura, Spirulina platensis, Synechococcus sp. were identified by microscopic examination. The isolated cyanobacteria produced CGP in different amounts ranging from 0.030 ± 0.001 g L-1 in Oscillatoria obscura to 0.224 ± 0.007 g L-1 in Anabaena cylindrica. Transmission Electron Microscopy revealed that CGP produced by Anabaena cylindrica was dark and spherical with irregular parameters bodies. Based on this study, regular monitoring of cyanobacteria and their CGP production is necessary to extend their applications. https://jifro.areeo.ac.ir/article_134250.html The objective of this study was to analyze growth and mortality parameters, growth patterns, and sex ratios of blue swimming crabs (BSCs) for the population management policy in Southeast Sulawesi waters. The samples were collected weekly at Pamandati, Bungin Permai, and Kasipute mini plants from July to September 2023. Growth parameters were relatively similar to other tropical waters, but total mortality was high. The exploitation rate (E) was generally low (E< 0.5), except in Pamandati (E = 0.58). BSCs exhibited negative allometric growth (b<3), with carapace width (CW) contributing >55% to weight (W). Poor environmental conditions of BSC habitat were indicated by a negative condition factor. Efforts to maintain the sustainability of BSCs population while providing high economic and social value suggest that BSCs exploitation can still be increased until reaching E=0.5, but BSC females should outnumber males to support reproduction. Juveniles (<10 cm CW) and spawning females should be protected, and mangrove habitats preserved. This study supports and strengthens sustainable BSC management in Indonesia. https://jifro.areeo.ac.ir/article_124567.html This study assessed the effects of diets supplemented with canola protein hydrolysate (CPH) on growth performance, blood biochemistry, immunity, and gastrointestinal microbiota of beluga (Huso huso) juveniles. CPH concentrations of 0, 300, 400, and 500 mg kg-1 diet were denoted as control, CPH300, CPH400, and CPH500, respectively and were added to fish basal diet. 840 beluga juveniles (30±6 g) were assigned into the four dietary treatments and fed for 56 days. The diet supplemented with 500 mg kg-1 of CPH significantly decreased food conversion ratio (FCR). Condition factor (CF), specific growth rate (SGR), body weight gain (BWI), standard length (SL), total length (TL), survival rate, and food consumption demonstrated a CPH dose-dependent increase, with highest values in the fish treated with CPH500. Concentrations of blood (serum) cholesterol, triglyceride, and glucose decreased in a CPH-concentration dependent manner as well. Red blood cells (RBC) and white blood cells (WBC) increased and decreased, respectively in all fish treated with CHP, especially in CPH500 treatment. Moreover, gastrointestinal population of Lactobacillus spp. and total bacteria were significantly enhanced in the treated groups, with the highest loads of total bacterial (2.1×106 CFU) and Lactobacillus spp. (1.6×104 CFU) in CPH500 treatment. Taken together, CPH could be introduced as an alternative for fishmeal in beluga diet, although more studies are needed to be conducted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which CPH improves fish growth. https://jifro.areeo.ac.ir/article_122926.html The present study examines the fisheries governance status of small-scale capture fisheries in the northern Persian Gulf. Qeshm Island, which is selected as case study, plays a prominent role in fisheries in the Persian Gulf and territorial waters of the country. The research methodology included in-depth and semi-structured interviews with heads of fisheries cooperatives and fishers to deepen our understanding of the cultural and technical characteristics of local fisheries communities. Subsequently, data was drawn from 322 questionnaires, using a random sampling technique. The analyses indicate that fisheries co-management is at an interstitial situation, while the fishers are willing to cooperate with the government. A finding is also showed that literacy has a significant effect on fishers’ willingness to cooperate with government. There was also a considerable conflict of interest among the fisheries communities in the study area, which makes the implementation of rules difficult. Small-scale fishing communities are generally in a hard-pressed situation, which affects how fishers operate. Our study aims to contribute to improving the governance and governability of small-scale capture fisheries in the region. https://jifro.areeo.ac.ir/article_123383.html The effect of different carbon sources in the biofloc system on growth performance, body biochemical compositions, digestive and hepatic enzymes of Nile tilapia was investigated in this research. Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings with average weight of 1.57 ± 0.12 g were cultured for 37 days in fiberglass tanks (130 L), at a density of one fish per liter. The experiment was designed in five treatments including one control group and four biofloc treatments by adding different carbon sources: molasses (BFTM) and starch (BFTS) (complex carbon sources), barley flour (BFTB) and corn (BFTC) (simple carbon sources). Results showed the lowest dissolved oxygen (5.45 mg. L-1), pH (7.25) and feed conversion rate (0.99) in BFTS treatment (P <0.05), while the latter showed the highest protein efficiency ratio (2.91) and survival rate (98.2%). There were no significant differences in growth performance among various treatments (P<0.05).Somatic indices improved in biofloc treatments compared to the control group. Bioflocs formed in different carbon sources showed different nutritional value (P <0.05) which affected the quality of carcass analysis. The highest amount of amylase (95.86 U/mg protein) and protease (17.77 U/mg protein) activities were obtained in BFTB treatment and the lowest amount of hepatic enzymes activity was observed in the BFTS treatment (P <0.05). Generally, the present study showed that cultured tilapia using in situ biofloc produced by different carbon sources can promote FCR, survival, body composition, digestive and hepatic enzymes compared to the control group. Improved digestive activities are more noticeable in complex carbon sources and hepatic enzymes activities are stronger in simple carbon sources. https://jifro.areeo.ac.ir/article_126556.html The genus Ulva includes edible seaweed species with extensive morphological overlaps, plasticity, and intra specific variation, making it taxonomically difficult to classify. The Ulva species occur in the Persian Gulf, and the Oman Sea, but, there is no detailed information on their genetic structure, diversity, as well the species relationships. The aims of the present study were to : (1) identify the existing species of the genus Ulva in selected areas of the Persian Gulf and the Oman  Sea, and (2) illustrate the species relationships by a combination of the morpho-anatomical and molecular data. Based on morphological features, 10 Ulva species were identified which were also confirmed by their DNA homology with the reported taxa. The Ulva species were delineated using a combination of morphological, anatomical and molecular data (ISSR, SCoT, ITS, rbcL, and tufA region sequences). AMOVA revealed species genetic differentiation and a higher level of intra-specific diversity in Ulva. The species relationship is discussed based on genetic and morphological data. A kind of divergent selection on morphological characters and in response to geographical coordinates was suggested. https://jifro.areeo.ac.ir/article_126899.html In the present work, extraction of an endosymbiont from a host of Stichodactyla haddoni collected from the coast of Hormuz Island (the Strait of Hormuz) and afterwards identification, determination of the optimal cultivation conditions and then finding out the parameters and how they affect its bioactive compounds were conducted. The sequence of ITS2 region from the endosymbiont of S. haddoni clustered with 17 sequences representing clade C. The sequence was deposited to the GenBank under accession number MT448855. The study results showed that ASP12 medium and a temperature of 23°C were optimal to cultivate Symbiodinium sp. outside its host. Under these conditions, the highest cell density was 12×105 cell ml-1 and the maximal amount of chlorophyll-a and peridinin were 22.81 and 47.86 mgL-1, respectively. Further cultivation of the obtained strain in a Twin-Layer photobioreactor at light intensities of 50, 100 and 250 μmol photons m-2 s-1 for 16 days demonstrated that the biomass content was observed to be 35.72, 54.77 and 57.12 g m-2 at 50, 100 and 250 µmol photons m-2 s-1; the peridinin content was 0.26, 0.63 and 0.79 g m-2, respectively; total lipid content was 19.5 and 27.77% of dry weight at 50 and 250 µmol photons m-2 s-1. https://jifro.areeo.ac.ir/article_127355.html In this study, the effects of Pacific white shrimp protein hydrolysates rich in small peptides obtained using gradually increasing temperature hydrolysis (Gradual) or Grad without centrifugation (Mix) on colon cancer cells were determined. Both bioactive peptides were prepared using enzymatic hydrolysis with alcalase. The cytotoxic effect on HCT-116 cell line was evaluated using the Neutral red and MTT assay. In vitro, antioxidant activity was performed using DPPH, TAC, and nitric oxide assays. Apoptosis with acridine orange/etho bromide and redox changes and apoptosis of the HCT116 cell line was also evaluated along with bioactive peptides and four antioxidant enzymes were evaluated in the cell lines.The results of toxicity assays showed that the survival rates of cells decreased by increasing the concentration of peptides (0.3, 0.6, 1.2, and 2.4 mg/mL). Based on the results of antioxidant activity (TAC, DPPH, No) in In vitro, it was shown that Gradual peptides had significantly higher antioxidant activity than Mix peptides (P <0.05). In addition, Gradual peptide increased the concentration of nitric oxide compared to the control and Mix groups (P <0.05). Results also showed that Gradual peptides reduced the secretion of catalase and GSH enzymes in cancer cells (P <0.05). Both types of peptides increased apoptosis in the cancerous cell line and a higher value was observed in bioactive peptides treatments The results of the present study showed that Pacific white shrimp protein hydrolysates obtained using gradually increasing temperature showed anti-cancer activities against colon cancer cell line HCT-116. https://jifro.areeo.ac.ir/article_131273.html The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of predicted climate changes on primary production and vulnerability of fish species in coastal waters of the northern Persian Gulf. Remote sensing data including chlorophyll a and SST through using MODIS sensor images of Terra satellite were obtained from Google Earth Engine system. Net primary production per day was estimated through the VGPM model from the NASA Oceanographic Database (2000-2022). To predict climate change in LARS-WG microscale model that are compared and evaluated under three scenarios RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP8.5 in the four time periods (2020-2080). These scenarios predict an increase in the average annual SST of 2.4 to 5.3 °C for the future of the region. It showed the inverse correlation between SST and chlorophyll a, and a direct correlation between primary production rate and marine trophic index. The annual comparison of total commercial fisheries catches shows that fish catch will decrease by 169, 185, 386 kg in the RCP 2.6, 4.5, 8.5 scenarios. Correlation of the target species from the total catch with primary production shows that demersal fish species such as Pomadasys kaakan, Glaucostegus granulatus, Otolithes ruber, Atule mate, Trichiurus lepturus and large pelagic such as Planiliza subviridis, Auxis thazard, Tenualosa ilisha, Thunnus tonggol, Coryphaena hippurus and small pelagic such as  Liza klunzingeri species and also jelly fish group express a positive relationship which is an indication of increased vulnerability to climate changes compared to other fish species. https://jifro.areeo.ac.ir/article_135497.html This study investigated the effects of the dietary supplement chitosan (CH) on various parameters including hematological indices, immune response, liver enzyme levels, antioxidant capacity, and the expression of immune-related genes in juvenile starry sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus). 180 juvenile starry sturgeons with an average weight of 31.90 ± 0.73 g were divided into five feeding groups for 60 days includes: control (CTR), 1.5 g (CH1.5), 3.0 g (CH3.0), 4.5 g (CH4.5), and 6.0 g (CH6.0) of CH powder per kg of a basal diet. Blood analyses conducted after the dietary trial demonstrated that CH significantly increased total red blood cells, white blood cells, hematocrit, and hemoglobin levels, with the highest values recorded in the CH6.0 group. CH enhanced immune responses as evidenced by elevated levels of total protein, albumin, globulin, lysozyme activity, and immunoglobulin, particularly in the CH6.0 group. Additionally, dietary CH reduced serum lipid levels, and the lowest liver enzyme activities were observed in the CH4.5 and CH6.0 groups. CH also stimulated the activity of antioxidant enzymes, with the most pronounced antioxidant activity noted in the CH6.0 group. Moreover, CH improved the regulation of the relative expression of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) genes in liver, intestine, spleen, and head kidney tissues, with the highest expression levels for both genes recorded in the CH6.0 group. These findings suggest that the inclusion of 6 g kg-1 CH in the diet of starry sturgeon enhances hematological and biochemical parameters, boosts antioxidant capacity and immune response, and supports immune-related gene expression