Effects of salinity and temperature on the metabolic and immune parameters of the banana shrimp Fenneropenaeus merguiensis (De Man, 1988)

This study investigated the activities of metabolic and immune enzyme in the hepatopancreas and muscle of Fenneropenaeus merguiensis at different salinities (10 ‰, 15 ‰, 20 ‰, 25 ‰, and 30 ‰) and temperatures (21 °C, 24 °C, 27 °C, 30 °C, and 33 °C).  Results showed that glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) activities in the hepatopancreas were the highest at salinity 20 ‰(p <0.05). The GOT and Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)  activities in the muscle were the highest at salinity 25 ‰(p <0.05). The GOT and GPT activities in the hepatopancreas at 24 ºC were significantly higher than those at other temperatures (p <0.05). The highest SDH activity in the muscle was observed at 27 ºC(p <0.05). Different the immune enzymes different enzyme showed different responses to salinity and temperature. The highest SOD activities in the hepatopancreas, and the highest ACP activity in the muscle were observed at temperature 24°C (p <0.05). The highest acid phosphatase (ACP) activity in the muscle were recorded at  24°C (p <0.05). By contrast, the lowest ACP activities in the hepatopancreas and muscle were observed at salinities 25 ‰ and 20 ‰, respectively (p <0.05). These results indicated that suitable salinity and temperature can increase the metabolic enzyme activities, but the relationship of immune enzymes activities and ambient conditions is indeterminate.