Cytotoxic activities of Padina gymnospora and Acanthophora spicifera extracts against human breast cancer cell lines

Authors

1 Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr, Iran

2 Iran Fisheries Organization, Administration of Khozestan Province, Abadan, Iran

3 Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resource, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

10.22092/ijfs.2023.128519

Abstract

The resistance of cancerous cells to anti-cancer drugs is one of the most common problems in medicine and therefore, finding new anti-cancer compounds with the least side effects seems to be necessary. The present study was performed to investigate the anti-cancer potential of Padina gymnospora and Acanthophora spicifera, two native algae species of the Persian Gulf, in vitro. In this regard, methanol, chloroform, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate extracts of both algae species were added to cultivated MCF-7 cells at different concentrations (125, 250, 500, and 1000 μg/mL). 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to determine the toxicity effects of algae extracts on MCF-7 cells. DNA isolation and agarose gel electrophoresis were also performed to assess DNA fragmentation induced by these two algae species. Based on the MTT results, the sensitivity of cultivated MCF-7 cells to P. gymnospora and A. spicifera extracts was increased in a dose-dependent manner. The highest concentration of methanolic extract of both algae species significantly affected the MCF-7 cells and led to the highest cell death. Moreover, the IC50 of P. gymnospora and A. spicifera methanolic extracts for the MCF-7 cells were equal to 557.78 and 910.61 μg/ml, respectively, which indicates P. gymnospora has more cytotoxic activity and anti-tumor potency. The lowest concentration of all types of algae extracts was not considerably cytotoxic to cultivated MCF-7 cells. The DNA fragmentation of MCF-7 cells was increased with increasing the concentration of the algal extracts. The highest amount of DNA fragmentation caused by 1000 μg/mL of P. gymnospora and A. spicifera extract; however, methanolic extract of P. gymnospora caused more DNA fragmentation in MCF-7 cells than A. spicifera.

Keywords

Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences
Volume 21, Issue 6
November 2022
Pages 1527-1538

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