Authors
1
Department of Science and Environment, Islamic Azad University of Sciences and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
2
Department of Environmental Science, Natural Resources and Environment, University of Islamic Azad sciences and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
3
Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran, Tehran, Iran
4
Department of Biology, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
10.22092/ijfs.2024.131509
Abstract
It is well known that ammonia nitrogen is a major pollutant in aquaculture, which can have toxic effects on fish. When absorbed in toxic concentrations, ammonia nitrogen can enter the bloodstream of fish, affecting blood parameters, immune responses, and causing oxidative damage and neurotoxicity. Recently, a study was conducted to investigate the toxic effects of ammonia on the blood, liver, growth, tissue damage, and immune indices of Cyprinus rubrofuscus in the presence of formaldehyde bisulfite sodium (FBS). The study involved 360 C. rubrofuscus, which were randomly distributed among 24 aquaria with a ratio of FBS to ammonia set at 31mg/L:1mg/L. The experiment was conducted with 15 fish in 6 treatments and 4 repetitions until 50% mortality was observed. The growth, histology, hematology, immunity, liver enzymatic and biochemical features of the fish were studied, and the results were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (One-Way ANOVA) and Duncan’s test. The study found that the blood, immune, and liver indices of koi fish changed in the presence of FBS. Additionally, adding FBS to aquarium water reduced nitrogen compounds in fish storage tanks, further reducing the nitrogen compounds in fish aquaria.
Keywords
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