Antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella spp. from cultured Rohu (Labeo rohita), Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), and Carp (Cyprinus carpio): A possible threat to public health

Authors

1 Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS) 54000, Lahore, Pakistan

2 Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS) 54000, Lahore, Pakistan

10.22092/ijfs.2025.133809

Abstract

Multidrug-resistant Salmonella can infect fish if reared in contaminated water or through manure in ponds that stimulate planktonic biomass. If the fish are not properly cooked, they can become a public health threat. Prior studies have reported the contamination of Salmonella in aquaculture products from marketplaces, however, our study determined the contamination of multidrug resistance Salmonella spp. through antimicrobial susceptibility in three fish (Labeo rohita, Oreochromis niloticus, Cyprinus carpio) from two retail markets in Lahore, Pakistan. A cross-sectional study was designed from June 2022 to August 2022 in two major fish markets in Lahore. Among 200 samples (L. rohita n= 80, O. niloticus n= 60, C. carpio n= 60), 16% were positive for Salmonella spp. with 3.12% of the isolates were resistant to 10 antibiotics, while 100% being resistant to at least two or more antibiotics. We detected high resistance to streptomycin (100%) and oxytetracycline (96.9%). Doxycycline and kanamycin followed a high resistance trend as well (87.5%). Moreover, lincomycin and trimethoprim (84.45%) resistance were also high in the Salmonella isolates. However, the lowest resistance was found against azithromycin (50%) and amoxicillin (40.6%). In addition, 100% of the Salmonella spp. isolates were multidrug resistant with seven different resistance patterns. Our study highlights the need to continuously monitor pathogens and restrict unnecessary drug use in aquaculture practices.

Keywords

Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences
Volume 24, Issue 3
May 2025
Pages 665-677

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