Mitochondrial Cyt b and CR differentiation and in silico RFLP markers for Bangladeshi and Vietnam-originated Climbing Perch (Anabas testudineus)

Authors

1 Department of Genetics and Fish Breeding, Gazipur Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

2 Grameen Jano Unnayan Sangstha (GJUS), Charnoabad, Bhola, Bangladesh

3 Upazila Fisheries Office, Birol, Dinajpur, Bangladesh

4 Researcher V, Department of Laboratory Medicine, UAB Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America

10.22092/ijfs.2026.136196

Abstract

This study employed mitochondrial Cytochrome b (Cyt b) and Control Region (CR) markers to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of Bangladeshi and Vietnam-origin climbing perch (Anabas testudineus) populations across Bangladesh. A total of 320 individuals were collected from 16 sampling sites representing all eight administrative divisions of Bangladesh. Following quality trimming, 818 bp of Cyt b and 705 bp of CR sequences were analyzed, revealing 9 and 28 haplotypes, respectively. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that the majority of genetic variation was attributable to differences among populations (Cyt b: 95.6%; CR: 89.5%). Additionally, substantial genetic differentiation was observed between Bangladeshi and Vietnam-origin groups (Cyt b: 67.5%; CR: 73.0%). Pairwise Fst values (Cyt b: 0.815; CR: 0.804) confirmed strong differentiation between Bangladeshi and Vietnam-originated groups. Bayesian phylogeny and haplotype network analyses separated Bangladeshi and Vietnam-origin stocks into distinct clades. Shared haplotypes in Dhaka and Chattogram indicated admixture with Vietnam-originated stocks. Several unique haplotypes were identified in both Bangladeshi and Vietnam-originated populations, which may serve as markers for stock identification and broodstock management. In silico RFLP analysis identified seven enzymes (AciI, HaeIII, HhaI, MboI, MspI, RsaI, and StuI) for Cyt b sequences as cost-effective, practical tools for stock identification, while no diagnostic enzymes were found for CR. These findings provide a genetic baseline for conservation and selective breeding, and highlight the urgent need to protect Bangladeshi A. testudineus from admixture with exotic strains.

Keywords

Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences
Volume 25, Issue 5
September 2026
Pages 895-915

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